2020

rozdział w monografii naukowej

polski

EN Application of wood wastes in the revitalisation of post-agricultural soils ABSTRACT Wood waste in the form of organic matter can be successfully used to restore biological equilibrium to agricultural soils the same as forest soils are already characterised by. Thanks to wood waste, an organic level in degraded post-agricultural soils is restored, which favourably affects the composition of microbiota, which becomes antagonistic in relation to pathogens, especially Heterobasidion annosum, causing the serious disease – root and butt rot of many forest tree species, including pine stands Pinus sylvestris (L.). In the experiment established in 2001 in the Bielsk and Czarne Człuchowskie Forest Districts (FDs), the following organic substances derived from various “waste” substances were used, i.e. log residues (PZ), sawdust (T), cortical compost (K), and compost added in roots during plantings (P). They were used to establish plantations in the form of mulching in ploughed furrows (in Bielsk FD), or on the entire surface (in Czarne Człuchowskie FD). Twenty years later, on the plot in Bielsk FD, there was a high mortality of trees in the control variant, unlike in treatment plots, where the good vitality and health condition of trees were noticed. The substrates applied provided to pine seedlings an adequate growth conditions (humidity, soil density, availability of nutrients), besides, they introduced many beneficial microorganisms. The likely cause of low survival of planted pine seedlings in 2001 were adverse meteorological conditions (years 1999–2008 with dry vegetation seasons). The improvement of physical properties of soil through mulching was essential in this case (Dry/Fresh forest station – Bs/Bśw) increasing of survival of seedlings in the first difficult years after planting. The volumetric density of the soil in the mulching variants ranged from 1.16 to 1.34 g/cm3, while in the control variant (without treatment) it was the highest (1.45 g/cm3 ). Ontreated plots, a favourable process of organic levels restoration (in both dry and fresh habitats) was observed. In the Forest District of Czarne Człuchowskie, the survival of seedlings was better due to the higher amount of rainfall and a better quality habitat (mixed fresh forest station BMśw). In addition, the higher average of dry needle weight and their length (statistically significant compared to control) were found in trees in the variants with the application of organic substances (K and T) of experimental plots in Bielsk. In the case of treated pines, the average length and surface of fine roots as well as their fresh biomass were higher than in control trees.

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https://ksap.gov.pl/ksap/sites/default/files/publikacje/paradoksy_ekologiczne_odpady_miara_sukcesu.pdf.pdf

Paradoksy ekologiczne. Odpady miarą sukcesu i porażki cywilizowanej ludzkości

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