2022

Acta Ornithologica

Rocznik: 2022 | Tom: 57 | Numer: 1

artykuł naukowy

angielski

PL W pracy omówiono długoterminowe trendy zmian liczebności 30 leśnych, pospolitych ptaków lęgowych na 7 stałych powierzchniach próbnych w Białowieskim Parku Narodowym w latach1975– 2019 (wschodnia Polska, dalej BPN, Fig. 1).Przeanalizowano zmiany w składzie ugrupowań ptaków lęgowych w trzech najważniejszych typach drzewostanów pierwotnych w BPN:łęgach (Fig. 2), grądach (Fig. 3) i borach (Fig. 4)

EN This paper reports the long-term numerical trends of the thirty common forest bird species and exploreschanges in the community composition in the three main types of old-growth stands in the Białowieża National Park(E Poland, hereafter BNP) over 45 years (1975–2019). We present recent (2015–2019) data on abundance of birds for theseven study plots and pool them with the time series collected since 1975. The numbers of individual bird speciesstrongly fluctuated, with most of the species showing alternating phases (the initial periods of population growth fol-lowed by the periods of population decline or stability). The numbers of 19 species increased; maximum growths by c.3–5% per year included Columba palumbus, Dendrocopos major, Sylvia atricapillaand Regulus ignicapilla. Among a fewdeclining species, Ficedula hypoleuca, Phylloscopus sibilatrixand F. p a r v aexperienced the strongest declines, respectivelyby 4.0%, 2.7% and 2.2% per year. Mostly the same species bred in the plots in the 1970s and in recent years, indicatinga stable species pool. The total abundance peaked around 2005, declining thereafter in deciduous stands, but increas-ing further (along with the species richness) in the coniferous stands. The similarity index between the study plots(beta-diversity) changed little over 45 years; ash-alder and lime-hornbeam stands remained most similar, while conifer-ous forests stood more apart. The changes found in the old-growth stands of BNP (mostly coniferous fragments) couldbe partly explained by natural modification of the habitat structure and the processes acting in the large geographicalscales, within or outside of the breeding grounds. The long-term studies such as the one in the BNP reported here, pro-vide a basis for the rates of natural turnover in the bird communities in pristine habitats, directly unaffected by humanimpact.

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https://doi.org/10.3161/00016454AO2022.57.1.005

CC BY (uznanie autorstwa)

ostateczna wersja opublikowana

06.12.2022

w momencie opublikowania

70